Pharmacological properties Travatan Eye Drops:
Antiglaucoma drug containing travoprost – analogue of prostaglandin F2α, has a great affinity for the FP-receptor prostaglandin. Lowers intraocular pressure by increasing outflow of intraocular fluid. Reduction of intraocular pressure starts at 2 h after administration and maximum effect is achieved after 12 h. The hypotensive effect persists for at least 24 h.
Travoprost is a prodrug ester. It is absorbed through the cornea, where the isopropyl ether is hydrolyzed with the formation of active free acid. Metabolized similarly to endogenous prostaglandin F2α. Ways of systemic metabolism of endogenous metabolic pathways are parallel to prostaglandin F2α, which are characterized by reduction of double bond 13-14, the oxidation of 15-hydroxy and P-oxidative level of the upper side chain.
Local administration in healthy volunteers demonstrated eye slight systemic effects of the active free acid. After 10-30 min after dosing reported a maximum concentration of active free acid in the blood plasma, equal to 25 pg / ml or less. Thus, the levels of substances in the blood plasma concentration to decrease rapidly, which is below the quantification limits 10 pg / ml for 1 h after injection. Due to the low concentration in blood plasma after topical application and rapid removal of free active acid from the body during its half-life in humans was not detected. Application Travatan been studied in patients with impaired liver function (from poorly defined to severe), as well as in patients with impaired renal function (from poorly defined to severe) – with creatinine clearance below 14 ml / min. Dose adjustment in these patients is required.
INDICATIONS Travatan Eye Drops:
increased intraocular pressure or open-angle glaucoma.
APPLICATION Travatan Eye Drops:
The adults, including elderly patients, instill 1 drop into the conjunctival sac of the affected (s), eye (s) 1 time per day. The optimum effect is achieved with a dose in the evening. After instillation of the drug is recommended nasolacrimal occlusion or closing his eyes tight to reduce the systemic absorption of drugs and the likelihood of systemic side effects.
Route of Administration:
the patient must break the top protective packaging just prior to first use. To prevent contamination of the tip of the dropper bottle and Valium, not allowed to touch them to any surface.
If more than one local ophthalmology means the interval between their use should be at least 5 min.
When replacing another antiglaukomnogo funds for Travatan its use is discontinued and the next day, begin treatment Travatan.
CONTRAINDICATIONS Travatan Eye Drops:
Hypersensitivity to travoprost or other ingredients.
SIDE EFFECTS Travatan Eye Drops:
In clinical trials involving over 1,100 patients Travatan administered 2 times daily as monotherapy or as an adjuvant with 0.5% solution of timolol rum. None of the clinical studies there were no reports of any serious ocular or systemic side effects associated with Travatan. Most frequently reported eye redness (36.6%), which was mild in 92.4% of patients. The incidence of discontinuation due to flushing the eye was 2.3%. In phase III clinical trials of 6 to 12 months hyperemia decreased with time. In clinical studies Travatan received reports of adverse effects, which were estimated as certainly, probably or possibly related to the use of the drug. Their appearance was very frequent (10%), frequent (1 to 10%, the maximum number of cases, 4.7%) or single (0.2 to less than 1%). Reports of all other adverse events were isolated, none of them dealt with the serious side effects.
On the part of the vision
Very common: flushing the eye.
Frequent: pruritus, discomfort (transient burning or stinging after instillation), eye pain, dry eyes, photophobia, foreign body sensation in the eye, opalescence, discoloration of the iris, precipitates and keratitis.
Single: tearing, blurred vision, changes in the structure of age, conjunctivitis, eye irritation, reduced visual acuity, iritis, swelling of the eyelids, a sense of sticking together, blepharitis, pain in the superciliary arches, conjunctival follicles, conjunctival papillae, formation of scales on the edges of the eyelids, eye fatigue, uveitis.
Systemic effects
Body as a Whole
Common: headache.
Cardio-vascular system
Single: hypotension, bradycardia.
Skin and its appendages:
Rare: skin discoloration periorbital area. As with other analogues of prostaglandins (the action of this class), Travatan may gradually change the structure of the eye lashes, which instilliruetsya, similar changes were observed in more than half of patients in clinical trials and included: lengthening, thickening, increased pigmentation, and / or quantity eyelashes. The mechanism of changing the structure of the eyelashes and long-term consequences of this effect have so far not been studied.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS Travatan Eye Drops:
no need for dose adjustment of the drug in patients with liver disease or kidney disease.
Travatan may gradually change eye color by increasing the number of melanosomes (pigment granules) in melanocytes. Before treatment, patients should be advised of the possibility of irreversible changes in eye color. Treatment of one eye may cause transient heterochromia. Effects of prolonged exposure on melanocytes in today are not known. Change the color of the iris is slow and may not be noticeable for months or years. Change the color of the eyes, above all, it was noted in patients with mixed color of the iris, such as blue-hazel-gray hazel, yellow-green or hazel, hazel, but these effects were also observed in patients with brown eyes. Typically, the brown pigmentation around the pupil concentrically towards the periphery of variance of the iris of the affected eye, although the intensity of brown can be an entire iris or parts of it. After cessation of treatment a further increase in brown pigmentation in the iris were observed.
In controlled clinical trials in 0.4% of patients were observed darkening of the eyelid skin and / or periorbital region, due to the use of Travatan.
Designate caution in patients with aphakia, Travatan, psevdofakiey, with rupture of posterior lens capsule, lens perednekamernoy or in patients with known risk factors for macular edema.
Avoid contact with skin Travatan, as in experiments on rabbits was found transdermal absorption Travoprost.
Benzalkonium chloride, which is commonly used as a preservative in ophthalmic preparations, may cause a scatter keratopathy and / or toxic keratopathy ulcer. Since Travatan contains benzalkonium chloride, careful monitoring of patients with dry eyes and corneal damage with frequent or prolonged use of drug treatment. Benzalkonium chloride can discolour soft contact lenses, so they must be removed before applying the paste Travatan and after 15 min after instillation of the drug.
With care appoint Travatan patients with known risk factors for iritis or uveitis.
During pregnancy and lactation drug is prescribed only when absolutely necessary, in this case you should decide on the termination of breastfeeding, as travoprost and its metabolites are able to penetrate into breast milk. Women of childbearing age drug is prescribed only if they use contraceptives.
The efficacy and safety Travatan in patients aged 18 years has not been proven, therefore not recommended its use in this age category of patients to receive new data.
As with other eye drops, can be a temporary blurred vision or other visual disturbances may affect the speed of psychomotor reactions. If blurred vision occurs after instillation of the drug, the patient must wait until the vision is restored, and only then to drive a motor vehicle or operate potentially dangerous machinery.
INTERACTION Travatan Eye Drops:
Travatan potentiates the effect of other antiglaucoma agents on the basis of timolol or brimonidina.
OVERDOSE Travatan Eye Drops:
shows increased severity of side effects. Treatment is symptomatic.
